Energy Conversion in Comminution

Complex networks in confined comminution.

The physical process of confined comminution is investigated within the framework of complex networks. We first characterize the topology of the unweighted contact networks as generated by the confined comminution process. We find this process gives rise to an ultimate contact network which exhibits a scale-free degree distribution and small world properties. In particular, if viewed in the con...

Reinforcement Learning Based PID Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems

In this paper an adaptive PID controller for Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) has been developed. Theadaptation technique applied to this controller is based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) theory. Nonlinearcharacteristics of wind variations as plant input, wind turbine structure and generator operational behaviordemand for high quality adaptive controller to ensure both robust stability an...

Bioelectrochemical Energy Conversion.

The interaction between photosynthetic microorganisms and an inert electrode material was examined. Cathodic polarization values of platinum-bearing marine algae were obtained over a wide current-density range under both illumination and dark conditions. A potential shift of 0.6 v in the cathodic direction occurred upon illumination at a current density of 4.3 mua/cm(2). Similar photo-induced r...

Biomass Energy Conversion

Solar energy conversion

energy—enough to power the great oceanic and atmospheric currents, the cycle of evaporation and condensation that brings fresh water inland and drives river flow, and the typhoons, hurricanes, and tornadoes that so easily destroy the natural and built landscape. The San Francisco earthquake of 1906, with magnitude 7.8, released an estimated 1017 joules of energy, the amount the Sun delivers to ...